田径选手简便易行的膳食营养编排法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李文辉 《体育与科学》1997,(4)

现代营养科学揭示,运动员合理的膳食是提高运动能力。保证科学训练的前提条件。本人针对我国国情,将各类食物按营养特点进行分类,建立模式数量概念。根据不同项目特点、选手的生理条件、训练水平、不同训练阶段等诸多因素来确定选择每天合理所需的各类食物,满足运动员对营养素的需要,保证有效训练,此种方法简便易行。  相似文献   

游泳运动员的营养与膳食     

梁锡华  王电华  邓春梅 《湖北体育科技》1997,(1)

研究游泳运动员的营养与膳食．是最大限度的发挥运动员竞技能力的重要课题之一．平衡的营养是运动员健康和运动能力的保证。  相似文献   

长期递增负荷跑台运动和营养补充对大鼠肾脏EPO水平和mRNA表达的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵杰修  田野  曹建民  金丽  满君  谢敏豪 《体育科学》2004,24(8):26-29

为了研究肾脏EPO代谢在运动性贫血发生机理中的功能和作用，及营养补充对运动性贫血防治效果的作用机制，对30只雄性Wistar大鼠进行等量随机分组：对照组(C)、运动组(P)和运动 营养组(G)。11周的跑台运动和营养补充结束后，应用RT—PCR和ELISA方法测试大鼠肾脏EPO基因表达和活性水平。结果发现，肾脏组织匀浆液EPO水平并未表现出对照组、运动 营养组、运动组的组间差异，而对于肾脏EPO mRNA表达指标在运动组分别显著高于对照组和运动 营养组，提示肾脏EPO活性水平可能并非机体运动性贫血的发病因素。  相似文献   

高原训练的现状与前景研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔伯双  屈红林 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(4):107-109

通过对所收集到的数十篇有关高原训练的期刊文章进行分析和总结,发现作为目前最有发展前景的能够使机体承受较大负荷的高原训练方法,其现状和前景存在较多不足之处。文中并对高原训练的相关因素提出其研究前景。  相似文献   

V_E对鱼类作用的研究进展     

CUI Jin- hua 《铜仁职业技术学院学报》2007,(3)

VE是鱼类营养和饲料中最重要的维生素之一,它与鱼类机体的代谢,抗氧化功能、免疫功能、抗病力、繁殖功能密切相关。  相似文献   

Rethinking fat as a fuel for endurance exercise     

Jeff S. Volek  Timothy Noakes  Stephen D. Phinney 《European Journal of Sport Science》2015,15(1):13-20

Abstract

A key element contributing to deteriorating exercise capacity during physically demanding sport appears to be reduced carbohydrate availability coupled with an inability to effectively utilize alternative lipid fuel sources. Paradoxically, cognitive and physical decline associated with glycogen depletion occurs in the presence of an over-abundance of fuel stored as body fat that the athlete is apparently unable to access effectively. Current fuelling tactics that emphasize high-carbohydrate intakes before and during exercise inhibit fat utilization. The most efficient approach to accelerate the body’s ability to oxidize fat is to lower dietary carbohydrate intake to a level that results in nutritional ketosis (i.e., circulating ketone levels >0.5 mmol/L) while increasing fat intake for a period of several weeks. The coordinated set of metabolic adaptations that ensures proper interorgan fuel supply in the face of low-carbohydrate availability is referred to as keto-adaptation. Beyond simply providing a stable source of fuel for the brain, the major circulating ketone body, beta-hydroxybutyrate, has recently been shown to act as a signalling molecule capable of altering gene expression, eliciting complementary effects of keto-adaptation that could extend human physical and mental performance beyond current expectation. In this paper, we review these new findings and propose that the shift to fatty acids and ketones as primary fuels when dietary carbohydrate is restricted could be of benefit for some athletes.  相似文献   

Considerations for protein intake in managing weight loss in athletes     

Caoileann H. Murphy  Amy J. Hector 《European Journal of Sport Science》2015,15(1):21-28

Abstract

A large body of evidence now shows that higher protein intakes (2–3 times the protein Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 0.8 g/kg/d) during periods of energy restriction can enhance fat-free mass (FFM) preservation, particularly when combined with exercise. The mechanisms underpinning the FFM-sparing effect of higher protein diets remain to be fully elucidated but may relate to the maintenance of the anabolic sensitivity of skeletal muscle to protein ingestion. From a practical point of view, athletes aiming to reduce fat mass and preserve FFM should be advised to consume protein intakes in the range of ～1.8–2.7 g kg^?1 d^?1 (or ～2.3–3.1 g kg^?1 FFM) in combination with a moderate energy deficit (?500 kcal) and the performance of some form of resistance exercise. The target level of protein intake within this recommended range requires consideration of a number of case-specific factors including the athlete's body composition, habitual protein intake and broader nutrition goals. Athletes should focus on consuming high-quality protein sources, aiming to consume protein feedings evenly spaced throughout the day. Post-exercise consumption of 0.25–0.3 g protein meal^?1 from protein sources with high leucine content and rapid digestion kinetics (i.e. whey protein) is recommended to optimise exercise-induced muscle protein synthesis. When protein is consumed as part of a mixed macronutrient meal and/or before bed slightly higher protein doses may be optimal.  相似文献   

基于干涉图加权叠加的图像压缩算法     

苑颖 《科技通报》2015,(5)

在对图像进行压缩的过程中,容易出现信息丢失的情况,导致传统图像压缩算法由于相关性低的图像也可参与等权计算,使得图像产生偏差及失真,无法有效实现图像压缩,提出一种基于干涉图加权叠加的图像压缩算法,给出高相关点的平均形变相位变化速率,依据误差传播定律,求出全部干涉图叠加后高相关点受到的大气延迟干扰,对每个图像对应的相关系数进行计算,依据模型采集高相关目标点,干涉图被叠加后,给出高相关点大气延迟对线性形变速率的干扰,通过移位操作获取样本的Exp-Golomb级数,完成编码获取数据的非负映射操作,利用上一个样本的Exp-Golomb编码级数对当前样本值级数进行估测,通过计算原始干涉图数据和压缩后的干涉图数据的压缩比与峰值信噪比,对压缩效果进行度量。通过光谱相对均方误差RQE对压缩前后的原始光谱和复原光谱进行度量。仿真实验结果表明,所提方法具有很高的精度。  相似文献   

知识员工角色压力对生活满意度的影响研究—一个被调节的中介效应模型     

高中华  赵晨 《科研管理》2015,36(11):162-169

基于对528名知识员工的两阶段调查,探讨了角色压力对生活满意度的影响、家庭干涉工作的中介作用以及社会支持的调节作用。层次回归与调节路径分析结果表明:知识员工角色压力对其生活满意度不仅可以产生直接消极影响,而且当社会支持较低时,还会通过家庭干涉工作的完全中介作用产生间接消极影响;该作用机制具体表现为被调节的中介效应,即家庭干涉工作在角色压力与生活满意度之间的中介作用受到社会支持的负向调节,在较高社会支持水平下,家庭干涉工作对生活满意度的影响将不再显著,并且角色压力也不再通过家庭干涉工作的中介作用对生活满意度产生间接影响。  相似文献   

基于干扰协调的公平性与吞吐量均衡算法     

郑智华 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2015,(1):3-6

文章研究了下一代移动通信系统资源分配中的小区边缘用户数据流量与小区总吞吐量之间的折中均衡方案.采用干扰协调技术及功率控制算法,引入小区公平性因子来均衡频谱利用率和系统公平性.仿真计算结果显示,与传统PF算法相比,改进算法(TFI-PF)可以有效改善系统性能,提高小区吞吐量水平并改善用户公平性,在频谱利用率和公平性之间进行良好的均衡折中.  相似文献